Do Not Send Back the Fugitive: An Address To William Lloyd Garrison Your high independence only reveals the immeasurable distance between us. They did so in the form of a resolution; and as we seldom hit upon resolutions, drawn up in our day whose transparency is at all equal to this, it may refresh your minds and help my story if I read it. Narrated by actor Wendell Pierce, it retraces many pivotal moments in Douglass life: How he traded biscuits as a boy with White playmates to learn how to read; the crucial contributions of his first wife; his legendary two-hour fight with an overseer; and a recreation of his famed Fourth of July speech. This Library of America series edition is printed on acid-free paper and features Smyth-sewn binding, a full cloth cover, and a ribbon marker. Diversity has other strengths as well. I scarcely need say, fellow-citizens, that my opinion of those measures fully accords with that of your fathers. The Fall of Sumter Frederick Douglass worked tirelessly to make sure that emancipation would be one of the war's outcomes. They were peace men; but they preferred revolution to peaceful submission to bondage. Primary Source Material from 18th & 19th Century Publications, In a final celebratory post for Black History Month 2023, it is worth returning to the 1883 Douglass Banquet. Frederick Douglass published three autobiographies. We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof. One is struck with the difference between the attitude of the American church towards the anti-slavery movement, and that occupied by the churches in England towards a similar movement in that country. The North Star, March 15, 1850 They succeeded; and to-day you reap the fruits of their success. But, with that blindness which seems to be the unvarying characteristic of tyrants, since Pharaoh and his hosts were drowned in the Red Sea, the British Government persisted in the exactions complained of. WebManuscript/Mixed Material Image 2 of Frederick Douglass Papers: Speech, Article, and Book File, 1846-1894; Speeches and Articles by Douglass, 1846-1894; 1848; Jan.; Give Us the Freedom Intended for Us Fully appreciating the hardship to be encountered, firmly believing in the right of their cause, honorably inviting the scrutiny of an on-looking world, reverently appealing to heaven to attest their sincerity, soundly comprehending the solemn responsibility they were about to assume, wisely measuring the terrible odds against them, your fathers, the fathers of this republic, did, most deliberately, under the inspiration of a glorious patriotism, and with a sublime faith in the great principles of justice and freedom, lay deep the corner-stone of the national superstructure, which has risen and still rises in grandeur around you. 8:31 AM EDT, Tue October 11, 2022. At some future period I will gladly avail myself of an opportunity to give this subject a full and fair discussion. He was absolutely alone. By an act of the American Congress, not yet two years old, slavery has been nationalized in its most horrible and revolting form. Edited by John R. McKivigan, Julie Husband and Heather L. Kaufman. The fact is, ladies and gentlemen, the distance between this platform and the slave plantation, from which I escaped, is considerable and the difficulties to be overcome in getting from the latter to the former, are by no means slight. Rochester, New York, January 25, 1849 Self-Made Men: An Address You live and must die, and you must do your work. The North American Review, June 1881 They may sometimes rise in quiet and stately majesty, and inundate the land, refreshing and fertilizing the earth with their mysterious properties. This includes commencement invitations from historically black colleges and universities, a fourth edition of Lunsford Lane's slave narrative, and newspaper clippings. These rules are well established. DC Frederick Douglass Paper, November 16, 1855 The Situation of the War The Liberator, September 26, 1845 Mark the sad procession, as it moves wearily along, and the inhuman wretch who drives them. The vision he had of America was in tatters, the historian David Blight, who won the Pulitzer Prize for Frederick Douglass: Prophet of Freedom, said in an essay. This inexpensive compilation of his speeches adds vital detail to the portrait of a great historical figure. As the sheet anchor takes a firmer hold, when the ship is tossed by the storm, so did the cause of your fathers grow stronger, as it breasted the chilling blasts of kingly displeasure. The Negro Exodus from the Gulf States: A Paper Heavy billows, like mountains in the distance, disclose to the leeward huge forms of flinty rocks! People wept as he recounted the horrors of slavery or erupted in laughter as he mimicked his former slave master. This Fourth [of] July isyours, notmine. DuBois and Booker T. Washington; and many North Carolina governors, in particular Zebulon B. Vance, Charles B. Aycock, Locke Craig, and Thomas Walter Bickett. On how slavery destroyed Black families, Douglass had this to say: There is not, beneath the sky, an enemy to filial affection so destructive as slavery. And as a bonus for reading to the very end, here are a couple of quotes from Frederick Douglass that I encourage you to reflect on as we honor him today: Jeralyn Caveis a Senior Communications Associate with Advancement Projects Power & Democracy Campaign. American County Histories: A Unique Resource! There are also numerous drafts and copies of outgoing correspondence that Hunter wrote. Washington could not die till he had broken the chains of his slaves. The country was attempting to build its first multiracial democracy through the passage of the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments, which ended slavery, granted Black men the right to vote and introduced birthright citizenship. Now, I hold that there is but one way of wisely disposing of the colored race, and that is to do them right and justice. Frederick Douglass Paper, October 23, 1851 And a White Christian nationalist movement, which insists that America was created to be a White, Christian nation, is growing in power. This list of works by and about Frederick Douglass will help you brush up on your knowledge. American Prejudice and Southern Religion: An Address No! Read the full text below of the sage words from one of the greatest orators of all time. The signers of the Declaration of Independence were brave men. Lincoln once proposed to end slavery by shipping willing slaves back to Africa, and said that he could not envision Black and White people living together in social and political equality. in preference to the gospel,as preached by those Divines! Douglass was also ahead of his time in rejecting the notion of inherent differences between races. Is it Right and Wise to Kill a Kidnapper? They showed forbearance; but that they knew its limits. In a speech delivered in June 1863, Douglass spoke what the future may hold for Black people. Did you encounter any technical issues? They inhabit all our Southern States. According to this fact, you are, even now, only in the beginning of your national career, still lingering in the period of childhood. But Ill start by saying this. What, To The Slave, Is The Fourth Of July? (1852) performed by Nicole Beharie. And nearly half of all Fortune 500 companies including Apple, Google and Amazon were founded by immigrants and their children. weeping, as she thinks of the mother from whom she has been torn! As noted here, that banquet was attended by prominent The far off and almost fabulous Pacific rolls in grandeur at our feet. The population was weak and scattered, and the country a wilderness unsubdued. That is a branch of knowledge in which you feel, perhaps, a much deeper interest than your speaker. Your fathers were wise men, and if they did not go mad, they became restive under this treatment. But the church of this country is not only indifferent to the wrongs of the slave, it actually takes sides with the oppressors. There is not time now to argue the constitutional question at length nor have I the ability to discuss it as it ought to be discussed. That which is inhuman, cannot be divine! Cast one glance, if you please, upon that young mother, whose shoulders are bare to the scorching sun, her briny tears falling on the brow of the babe in her arms. The 19th-century leader Frederick Douglass, in an undated portrait. . To drag a man in fetters into the grand illuminated temple of liberty, and call upon him to join you in joyous anthems, were inhuman mockery and sacrilegious irony. Ex-Vice-President Dallas tells us that the Constitution is an object to which no American mind can be too attentive, and no American heart too devoted. But a still more inhuman, disgraceful, and scandalous state of things remains to be presented. His agents were sent into every town and county in Maryland, announcing their arrival, through the papers, and on flaming hand-bills, headed CASH FOR NEGROES. will be found by Americans. Stand by those principles, be true to them on all occasions, in all places, against all foes, and at whatever cost. Nations do not now stand in the same relation to each other that they did ages ago. When the Negro is degraded and ignorant he conforms to a popular standard of what a negro should be. How should I look today, in the presence of Americans, dividing, and subdividing a discourse, to show that men have a natural right to freedom? Douglass Monthly, April 1861 What Shall Be Done with the Freed Slaves? Wasted Magnanimity This celebration also marks the beginning of another year of your national life; and reminds you that the Republic of America is now 76 years old. I trust, however, that mine will not be so considered. It fetters your progress; it is the enemy of improvement, the deadly foe of education; it fosters pride; it breeds insolence; it promotes vice; it shelters crime; it is a curse to the earth that supports it; and yet, you cling to it, as if it were the sheet anchor of all your hopes. The flesh-mongers gather up their victims by dozens, and drive them, chained, to the general depot at Baltimore. His. What can we say about Frederick Douglas, the nations most formative abolitionist, on a day set aside to remember his impact on American society and his contributions to the racial justice movement? Need I tell you that the Jews are not the only people who built the tombs of the prophets, and garnished the sepulchres of the righteous? we wept when we remembered Zion. This, for the purpose of this celebration, is the 4th of July. Tags: Black History Month, Frederick Douglass, Gilded Age. As to extinction, the prospect in that direction has been greatly clouded by the census just taken, in which it is seen that our increase is ten per cent. On the other hand it will be found to contain principles and purposes, entirely hostile to the existence of slavery. For my part, I would say, welcome infidelity! He also argued that immigration made the US stronger and scorned those who believed White people are the owners of this continent and that it is best not to take on board more passengers than the ship will carry.. If any man in this assembly thinks differently from me in this matter, and feels able to disprove my statements, I will gladly confront him at any suitable time and place he may select. By the 1890s Douglass, aging and in ill health but still out on the lecture circuit, felt hard-pressed to sustain hope for the transformations at the heart of the Composite Nationality speech.. I hold that every American citizen has a right to form an opinion of the constitution, and to propagate that opinion, and to use all honorable means to make his opinion the prevailing one. And why is it so little-known today? At an anti-slavery convention, Douglass recounts his story of being raised as a slave publicly for the first time. The Proclamation And A Negro Army (1863) performed by Colman Domingo. Frederick Douglass delivering a speech in a crowded room in 1892. I answer: a day that reveals to him, more than all other days in the year, the gross injustice and cruelty to which he is the constant victim. He remarried in 1884 to, On February 20, 1895, Douglass attended a meeting for the National Council of Women. Yea! Most noteable is a transcription of Frederick Douglass' speech given at the 2nd Annual Frederick Douglass Paper, June 2, 1854 I will show you a man-drover. But he said that what makes the US the envy of the world is its citizens halting yet ultimately successful struggle to expand the very rights the Founders sought to limit. If that is what they wanted, they had any number of other choices, such as Iran, Russia or Hungary.. There is blasphemy in the thought. The Rights of Women That people contented themselves under the shadow of Abrahams great name, while they repudiated the deeds which made his name great. Douglass Monthly, March 1863 The documentary is filled with memorable moments. The North Star, July 28, 1848 Carlisle, Pennsylvania, March 1893 All Others: Visit our Yale Washington, D .C ., January 9, 1894 688 Pages, 5.50 x 8.25 x 1.36 in, I scout the idea that the question of the constitutionality or unconstitutionality of slavery is not a question for the people. To clap back, they wrote an epic pamphlet on why the culture of colored Americans were insufficiently displayed at the fair. I do not remember ever to have appeared as a speaker before any assembly more shrinkingly, nor with greater distrust of my ability, than I do this day. And there is undeniably a part of White America that has long been suspicious of democracy. Consider the impact of immigrants. Why Was Frederick Douglasss Marriage to Helen Pitts Controversial? Sign up for NewsOne's email newsletter! Douglass bold vision of America takes on fresh relevance today as PBS premieres a new documentary about his life by Oscar-nominated filmmaker Stanley Nelson. This is the inevitable conclusion, and from it there is no escape. Entitled Becoming Frederick Douglass, the film looks at how a man born into slavery became one of the nations most influential leaders. I Have Come to Tell You Something About Slavery. The title of Frederick Douglasss first recorded speech, delivered in October 1841, just three years after his own escape from bondage, signaled the driving impulse of his extraordinary career: to lift the veil on American slavery and the white supremacist ideology that justified it. ; Wells-Barnett, Ida B. Wells-Barnett, Ida B. Washington, D .C ., March 31, 1888 They who did so were accounted in their day, plotters of mischief, agitators and rebels, dangerous men. Speeches include: I Have Come To Tell You Something About Slavery (1841) performed by Denzel Whitaker. Rochester, New York, June 16, 1861 A smile or a tear has no nationality; joy and sorrow speak alike to all nations, and they, above all the confusion of tongues, proclaim the brotherhood of man.. The Slaveholders Rebellion: An Address January First 1863 It is admitted in the fact that Southern statute books are covered with enactments forbidding, under severe fines and penalties, the teaching of the slave to read or to write. Your President, your Secretary of State, ourlords,nobles, and ecclesiastics, enforce, as a duty you owe to your free and glorious country, and to your God, that you do this accursed thing. The time was when such could be done. Some of these have had wives and children, dependent on them for bread; but of this, no account was made. Writings cover topics such as African American voting rights and post-Reconstruction analysis. Douglass Monthly, August 1860 Conservative American politicians have expressed open admiration for leaders such as Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban, who is widely seen as eroding democracy in his country in part by demonizing immigrants and eroding democratic norms. What the Black Man Wants: An Address Yet to freeze-frame Douglass life in the familiar contours of 19th-century American history misses out on the radical nature of his Composite Nation (also known as Our Composite Nationality) speech. Part of its greatness is due to timing. His pointed to other isolated countries of his era whose leaders boosted of their pure blood but lagged behind all other countries in dynamism and prosperity. A feeling has crept over me, quite unfavorable to the exercise of my limited powers of speech. To Our Oppressed Countrymen Voters wait in line to cast their ballots during a primary on March 3, 2020, in San Antonio, Texas. Farewell to the British People: An Address Actors Nicole Beharie (Scenes from a Marriage), Colman Domingo (Euphoria), Jonathan Majors (Lovecraft Country), Denzel Whitakerand Jeffrey Wright (Westworld) draw from five of Douglass legendary speeches, to represent a different moment in the tumultuous history of 19th century America as well as a different stage of Douglass long and celebrated life. They easily adapt themselves to inevitable conditions, and all their tendency is to progress, enlightenment, and to the universal. Yet this is but a glance at the American slave-trade, as it exists, at this moment, in the ruling part of the United States. Boston, Massachusetts, February 5, 1862 The Constitution and Slavery It had made my brothers and sisters strangers to me; it converted the mother that bore me, into a myth; it shrouded my father. Ever ready to drink, to treat, and to gamble. They did not come because its leaders disparaged the poor, incarcerated racial or political minorities, or mocked the handicapped and those whose sexual orientation did not fit in faux religious boxes. Or would it, and other nations, fare better with a homogenous population where most people look alike and share the same religious beliefs? All Rights Reserved. The speech, reported in the Douglass Monthly, January 1863 The cause of liberty may be stabbed by the men who glory in the deeds of your fathers. From the Potomac to the Delaware was a journey of many days. Progress of Slavery Other topics include Durham and Raleigh, N.C. history; the temperance movement, Hunter's personal matters and family finances, the North Carolina Industrial Association, and the N.C. Negro State Fair. In a very telling sign, the fateful words of Frederick Douglass from a speech he delivered 170 years ago still resonate very much in 2022 as Black people in America continue the fight for the same kind of equality that the legendary abolitionist was demanding back in the mid-19th century. The North Star, September 8, 1848 They acknowledge it when they punish disobedience on the part of the slave. The Composite Nation speech is a brilliant vision of Americas evolving tapestry in all its colors, shades, and ethnicities, Roth, a scholar-in residence at the Jefferson Educational Society, wrote. In that instrument I hold there is neither warrant, license, nor sanction of the hateful thing; but, interpreted as it ought to be interpreted, the Constitution is a GLORIOUS LIBERTY DOCUMENT. It was a time in America when people openly embraced Social Darwinism, the idea that White people were meant to rule over others because they were innately superior. All the political, social and literary forces around us tend to unificationThe American people have their prejudices, but they have their other qualities as well. Frederick Douglass Paper, March 4, 1853 A worship that can be conducted by persons who refuse to give shelter to the houseless, to give bread to the hungry, clothing to the naked, and who enjoin obedience to a law forbidding these acts of mercy, is a curse, not a blessing to mankind. The point from which I am compelled to view them is not, certainly, the most favorable; and yet I cannot contemplate their great deeds with less than admiration. Corrections? To William Lloyd Garrison Fighting Rebels with Only One Hand These men were generally well dressed men, and very captivating in their manners. It won the Pulitzer Prize in 2019 for History and is accurately described as. The Spirit of Colonization We cannot afford to set up for ourselves a separate political party or adopt for ourselves a political creed apart from the rest of our fellow citizens. (LogOut/ You have already declared it. Neither steam nor lightning had then been reduced to order and discipline. The North Star, January 26, 1849 You hurl your anathemas at the crowned headed tyrants of Russia and Austria, and pride yourselves on your Democratic institutions, while you yourselves consent to be the meretoolsand body-guardsof the tyrants of Virginia and Carolina. The following 3 pages are in this category, out of 3 total. By that act, Mason and Dixons line has been obliterated; New York has become as Virginia; and the power to hold, hunt, and sell men, women, and children as slaves remains no longer a mere state institution, but is now an institution of the whole United States. They seized upon eternal principles, and set a glorious example in their defense. With little experience and with less learning, I have been able to throw my thoughts hastily and imperfectly together; and trusting to your patient and generous indulgence, I will proceed to lay them before you. The bulk of this subseries deals with the larger Raleigh area, though some items address national issues. The fate of many a slave has depended upon the turn of a single card; and many a child has been snatched from the arms of its mother by bargains arranged in a state of brutal drunkenness. greater than that of the white people of the South. I was blown away by how quickly I received a response and it feels good to know that quality customer service was so attainable! Your fathers esteemed the English Government as the home government; and England as the fatherland. Space is comparatively annihilated. Resolved, That these united colonies are, and of right, ought to be free and Independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British Crown; and that all political connection between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, dissolved.. Of Douglasss many speeches, What to the Slave Is the Fourth Under these, and innumerable other disadvantages, your fathers declared for liberty and independence and triumphed. had I the ability, and could I reach the nations ear, I would, to-day, pour out a fiery stream of biting ridicule, blasting reproach, withering sarcasm, and stern rebuke. And instead of being the honest men I have before declared them to be, they were the veriest imposters that ever practiced on mankind. I lived on Philpot Street, Fells Point, Baltimore, and have watched from the wharves, the slave ships in the Basin, anchored from the shore, with their cargoes of human flesh, waiting for favorable winds to waft them down the Chesapeake. Slavery is not abolished until the black man has the ballot. (1865), We ought to have our government so shaped that even when in the hands of a bad man we shall be safe. (1867). The Final Struggle Former President Ronald Reagan, once the face of the GOP, described the US in his 1989 farewell address as a nation teeming with people of all kinds living in harmony and peace, with doors open to anyone with the will and heart to get here., But Donald Trump, the leader of todays GOP, has long expressed hostility to non-White immigrants coming to the US from s***hole countries.. Africa is too far off, even if we desired to go there, which we do not. The New National Era, September 8, 1870 Then, I dare to affirm, notwithstanding all I have said before, your fathers stooped, basely stooped. , Tue October 11, 2022 upon the willows in the midst thereof sure that emancipation would one. By dozens, and if they did ages ago drink, to general! 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